Guide for Authors

Contents

Introduction

World  Journal of Experimental Biosciences provides an international medium devoted exclusively to the publication of original investigations concerned with the different fields of biosciences and biomedicines.

Open Journal System (OJS)

World  Journal of Experimental Biosciences uses OJS to peer review manuscript submissions. Please read the guidelines of OJS/PKP (https://pkp.sfu.ca/software/ojs/) before submitting.

Types of paper
Research papers are full-length descriptions of original research. The scope may include basic science, clinical results, or applications. These manuscripts will undergo standard review and normally are not expedited.

Review articles are concise and comprehensive appraisals of basic research and clinical outcomes in a field of current interest. All review articles are subject to the normal review process. Authors are encouraged to contact the support center before undertaking a review to determine its suitability.

Short communications are brief, definitive reports of highly significant and timely findings in the field. At the discretion of the Editor, these submissions receive very rapid review and, if acceptable, are published within a month from receipt. In general, manuscripts should be no longer than 12 double-spaced typewritten pages, containing an abstract of approximately 100 words followed by keywords, a one-paragraph introduction, abbreviated Materials and Methods, Results, and a concise Discussion. A maximum of 20 references and four items for the display of data (any combination of figures and tables) will be allowed. Short communications will be reviewed within 1 to 2 weeks.

Correspondence relating to articles appearing in World J Exp Biosci is welcome and will be published, if found suitable, as limited space permits. All correspondence must be in the format of other material submitted for publication and limited in length to two typewritten pages.

Submission checklist

The author/s can use the list below to carry out a final check of their submission before they send it to the journal for review. The authors have to check the relevant section in this Guide for Authors for more details.

Ensure that the following items are present:

One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details:
• E-mail address
• Full postal address

All necessary files have been uploaded:

  1. Manuscript:
    Include keywords
    • All figures (include relevant captions)
    • All tables (including titles, description, footnotes)
    • Ensure all figure and table citations in the text match the files provided
    • Indicate clearly if color should be used for any figures in print

Further considerations

  • Manuscript has been 'spell-checked' and 'grammar checked'.
  • All reference manuscripts mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa.
  • Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources reference (including the Internet).
  • A competing interests statement is provided, even if the authors have no competing interests to declare.
  • Journal policies detailed in this guide have been reviewed.
  1. Cover letter contains referee suggestions and contact details provided, based on journal requirements. It should be signed by the corresponding authors.
  2. Copyright agreement, signed by all authors.
  3. Graphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable).
  4. Supplemental files (where applicable).

For further information, visit our Support Center.

Ethics in publishing

Please see our information on publication ethics.

Declaration of interest

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors must disclose any interests in two places: 1. A summary declaration of interest statement in the title page file (if double-blind) or the manuscript file (if single anonymized). If there are no interests to declare then please state this: 'Declarations of interest: none'. 2. Detailed disclosures as part of a separate Declaration of Interest form, which forms part of the journal's official records. It is important for potential interests to be declared in both places and that the information matches.

Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing
The below guidance only refers to the writing process, and not to the use of AI tools to analyze and draw insights from data as part of the research process.

Where authors use generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process, authors should only use these technologies to improve readability and language. Applying the technology should be done with human oversight and control, and authors should carefully review and edit the result, as AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete or biased. AI and AI-assisted technologies should not be listed as an author or co-author, or be cited as an author. Authorship implies responsibilities and tasks that can only be attributed to and performed by humans, as outlined in Elsevier’s AI policy for authors.

Authors should disclose in their manuscript the use of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by following the instructions below. A statement will appear in the published work. Please note that authors are ultimately responsible and accountable for the contents of the work.

Disclosure instructions

Authors must disclose the use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by adding a statement at the end of their manuscript in the core manuscript file, before the References list. The statement should be placed in a new section entitled ‘Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing processes.

Statement: During the preparation of this work the author(s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.

This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.

Submission declaration and verification
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or an academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/publishing-ethics#Authors) for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright holder. To verify compliance, your article will be checked by originality or duplicate checking software (Turnitin).

Use of inclusive language

Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Language should be used that is inclusive and diverse, that conveys respect for all people, respects differences, and promotes equal opportunity. The manuscript should not make any assumptions about any reader's beliefs or commitments. It should not contain anything that may affect the privacy of individuals and should not refer to differences and distinctions based on age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health status. Authors must ensure that the writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, and references to prevailing culture and/or cultural assumptions. The writer should endeavor to use language that achieves gender neutrality by using plural nouns (doctors, patients/clients) by default/where possible to avoid the use of "he, she," or "he/she". The author should avoid using descriptors that refer to personal characteristics such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When using markup terms, we recommend avoiding offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "child", "blacklist" and "whitelist". We suggest using more convenient and (subjectively) explanatory alternatives such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist" and "allowlist". These guidelines are intended as a reference point to help select appropriate language. Before submission, please ensure that your manuscript is understandable and free of grammatical or spelling errors. You can contact our support center to help you check the language of your manuscript.

Author contributions

For transparency, we require corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor’s specific contribution to the scholarly output. The roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles. More details and an example.

Authorship

All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the following: (1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, (3) final approval of the version to be submitted.

Changes to authorship

Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in the author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.

Copyright

The author has to submit the signed copyright agreement form. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a signed copyright form.

Consent for publication

Consent to publish is required where personal details of an individual that may lead to their identification have been included in the article. Details include direct identifiers such as names, images, and videos; or indirect identifiers that when used together may reveal the individual’s identity (e.g., gender, age, location of treatment, rare disease, socioeconomic data).

You will need to upload evidence of written consent for the publication of these details to the peer review system and you must include a sentence stating that this consent was obtained in the manuscript. For articles describing individuals under the age of 18, consent for publication must be obtained from their parent or legal guardian. If the person has died, consent must be obtained from their next of kin. You can use our Consent for Publication form (https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/upload/editorial/Consentforpublicationform.pdf) to obtain consent for publication, or a consent form from your institution or region if appropriate.

We encourage authors to consult the CARE guidelines (https://www.care-statement.org/) when preparing Case Reports.

Conflict of Interests Statement

At the end of the manuscript, a statement related to conflicts of interest must appear listing all competing interests (financial and non-financial). Where authors have no competing interests, the statement should read “The author(s) declare(s) that they have no competing interests”. The Editor may ask for further information relating to competing interests.

Publication Fees

There are no Article Processing Charges (APC) for publication of the journal on all submissions.

Author rights

As an author you (or your employer or institution) have certain rights to reuse your work.

Open access

Every peer-reviewed research article appearing in this journal will be published open access. This means that the article is universally and freely accessible via the internet in perpetuity, in an easily readable format immediately after publication. The author does not have any publication charges for open access. A CC user license manages the reuse of the article. All articles will be published under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). For non-commercial purposes, lets others distribute and copy the article, and to include in a collective work (such as an anthology), as long as they credit the author(s) and provided they do not alter or modify the article.

Submission

The submission to the World J Exp Biosci proceeds online. Please visit the following website (Make a Submission) to submit your article. Moreover, you have to follow the guidelines to prepare the manuscript. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail ([email protected]; [email protected]) and via the author's homepage, removing the need for a hard-copy paper trail.

Complying with Ethics of Experimentation

Please ensure that all research presented in the submitted papers has been carried out in a manner that adheres to ethical and responsible principles, and is fully compliant with all applicable codes of experimentation and legislation. All research papers that involve humans, animals, plants, biological specimens, protected or non-public datasets, collections, or sites must contain a written statement in the Ethics Approval section, which should include the following information:

  • The name of the ethics committee(s) or institutional review board(s) involved.
  • The number or ID of the ethics approval(s).
  • A statement that human participants have provided informed consent before taking part in the research.
  • Research involving animals must adhere to ethical standards concerning animal welfare. All original research papers involving animals must:
    • Follow international, national, and institutional guidelines for the humane treatment of animals.
    • Receive approval by the ethics review committee at the institution or practice at which the research was conducted and provide details on the approval process, names of the ethics committee(s) or institutional review board(s) involved, and the number or ID of the ethics approval(s) in the Ethics Approval section.
    • Provide justification for use of animals and the species selected.
    • Provide information about housing, feeding, and environmental enrichment, and steps taken to minimize suffering.
    • Provide mode of anesthesia and euthanasia.

Studies in humans, animals and plants

All information about this section was mentioned in detail in the publication ethics of this journal.

PREPARATION

Queries

For any questions regarding the editorial process such as the status of manuscripts under review or for technical support on submissions, please visit our Support Center.

Peer review

The World J Exp Biosci operates a single anonymized review handle. All submitted manuscripts will be at first evaluated by the editor and editorial office for appropriateness for the journal. The suitable papers will be sent to a least two independent expert reviewers to evaluate the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the ultimate decision after consulting with editor in chief regarding the acceptance or rejection of articles. Editors are not included in decisions about papers that they have written themselves or have been written by family individuals or colleagues or which relate to items or administrations in which the editor has an interest. Any such submission is subject to all of the journal's normal procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups.

Plagiarism

Plagiarism in any form is deemed a grave infringement of publication ethics and is deemed unacceptable. The act of plagiarism is defined as the utilization of ideas, words, data, or any other material created by others without proper acknowledgment. Even if a citation is provided, if quotation marks are not employed to denote words directly extracted from the work of other authors, the author is still liable for committing plagiarism. The reuse of an author's previously published words, regardless of whether a citation is included, is considered self-plagiarism. The Turnitin software will be employed to examine the similarity of submitted manuscripts. Submissions that contain plagiarism, whether in whole or in part, duplicate content, redundant publication, or self-plagiarism will be rejected. Similarity levels exceeding 20% are not deemed acceptable.

Revised Submission

When you revise your manuscript, upload your revised submissions including the following files:

·         Revised manuscript:

Clarifying the changes you have made since the original submission by using the "Track Changes" option in Microsoft Word. Upload this as a "Revised Article with Changes Highlighted" file.

·         Response to reviewers:

Type the specific points made by each reviewer. Include your responses to all the reviewers' and editors' comments and list the changes you have made to the manuscript. Upload this document as a "Response to reviewers" file.

·         Revised manuscript (clean copy):

Upload a clean copy of your revised manuscript with names, which does not show your changes. Upload this as your "Manuscript" file.

Use of word processing software

It is critical that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text ought to be in single-column arrange. Keep the format of the content as basic as conceivable. Most organizing codes have to be removed and supplanted in preparing the manuscript. In specific, don't use the word processor's choices to justify text or to hyphenate words. In any case, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you're using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text ought to be arranged in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts. Note that source files of figures, tables and text illustrations will be required whether or not you insert your figures within the text.

To maintain a strategic distance from unnecessary mistakes you're unequivocally advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word or contact our support center.

Article structure

Subdivision - numbered sections

The article should be divided into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

Introduction

State the objectives and cite any relevant work to set the scene. The Introduction should be succinct and sufficiently detailed to allow readers to interpret the rest of the article.

Material and methods

Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced by an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should be summarized, and indicated by a reference. If quoting directly from a previously published method, use quotation marks and also cite the source. Any modifications to existing methods should also be described.

Results

Results should be clear and concise.

Discussion

This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.

Conclusions

The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.

Appendices

If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

Title page information

  • Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
  • Author names and affiliations. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. The author name can be added between parentheses in the author’s own script behind the English transliteration. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
  • Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. This responsibility includes answering any future queries about Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.
  • Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Abstract

A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.
The Abstract must be a single paragraph and not exceed 250 words. In articles submitted as Rapid Communications, abstracts should be approximately 150 words in length.

Graphical abstract

The graphical abstract is optional, its use is encouraged as it draws more attention to the online article. The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership. Graphical abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Image size: Please provide an image with a minimum of 531 × 1328 pixels (h × w) or proportionally more. The image should be readable at a size of 5 × 13 cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi. Preferred file types: TIFF, JPG, EPS, PDF or MS Office files.

Keywords

Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 10 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, "and", "of"). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Abbreviations

Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.

Acknowledgements

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).

Formatting of funding sources

List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance with the funder's requirements:

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions of the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the institute or organization that provided the funding.

If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence:

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Also it can be written “This work received no specific grant from any funding agency”.

Units

Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI.

Math formulae

Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).

Footnotes

Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.

Artwork

Electronic artwork

General points

  • Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
  • Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option.
  • Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Franklin Gothic Book, Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.
  • Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
  • Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
  • Provide captions to illustrations separately.
  • Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version.
  • Submit each illustration as a separate file.
  • Ensure that color images are accessible to all, including those with impaired color vision.

You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply 'as is' in the native document format.
Regardless of the application used other than Microsoft Office, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'Save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings embed all used fonts.
TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure black & white pixels) line drawings, keep to a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations of bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.

Please do not:

  • Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically have a low number of pixels and a limited set of colors;
  • Supply files that are too low in resolution;
  • Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Color artwork

Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then World J Exp Biosci will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color online (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from World J Exp Biosci after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color: in print or online only. Further information on the preparation of electronic artwork.

Figure captions

Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tables

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells.

References

Citation in text

Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. The citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Web references

As a minimum, the full URL should be given, and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.

Preprint references

Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, the formal publication should be used as the reference. If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic but are not yet formally published, these may be referenced. Preprints should be clearly marked as such, for example by including the word preprint, or the name of the preprint server, as part of the reference. The preprint DOI should also be provided.

References in a special issue
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Reference style
Text: Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.
Example: '..... as demonstrated [3,6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ....'
List: Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text. If the number of authors is more than 5, the first dive author will be written followed by et. al.,.

Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
Ragab D, Salah Eldin H, Taeimah M, Khattab R, Salem R. (2020) The COVID-19 Cytokine Storm; What We Know So Far. Front Immunol 11:1446. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01446. PMID: 32612617; PMCID: PMC7308649.

Reference to a journal publication with an article number:
[2] van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. (2018). The art of writing a scientific article. Heliyon 19:e00205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00205.

Reference to a book:
[3] Strunk Jr W, White EB. The Elements of Style, fourth ed., Longman, New York, 2000.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[4] Mettam GR, Adams LB, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: Jones BS, Smith RZ (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 2009, pp. 281–304.

Reference to a website:
[5] Cancer Research UK, Cancer statistics reports for the UK. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/, 2003 (accessed 13 March 2003).

Reference to a dataset:
[dataset] [6] Oguro M, Imahiro S, Saito S, Nakashizuka T. (2015) Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions, Mendeley Data, v1. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.

Reference to a Thesis or Dissertation:

[1] Bratton KJ. (2014) Modeling and Control of Heterogeneous Tumors Under Chemotherapy, Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University.

Journal abbreviations source
Journal names should be abbreviated according to the (https://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/)

Supplementary material

Supplementary material such as applications, images and sound clips, can be published with your article to enhance it. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files will appear as such online). Please submit your material together with the article and supply a concise, descriptive caption for each supplementary file.

Research data

This journal requires and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.

Below are several ways in which you can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. When sharing data in one of these ways, you are expected to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the "References" section for more information about data citation.

Research Elements

This journal enables you to publish research objects related to your original research – such as data, methods, protocols, software and hardware – as an additional paper in Research Elements. Research Elements is a suite of peer-reviewed, open access journals that make your research objects findable, accessible and reusable. Articles place research objects into context by providing detailed descriptions of objects and their application, and linking to the associated original research articles. Research Elements articles can be prepared by you, or by one of your collaborators.

During submission, you will be alerted to the opportunity to prepare and submit a Research Elements article.

Nomenclature

Nomenclature of micro-organisms

You must use the correct name of all organisms referenced in your article, conforming with international rules of nomenclature:

Generic names are singular Latin nouns and do not take a plural form. You should avoid the use of a generic name alone when the reference is to the members of the genus. Thus, ‘The strains (species or cultures) of Salmonella are…’ not ‘The Salmonella are…’. 

Many microorganisms are known by their vernacular (common) names as well as by their scientific names. There are no rules governing the use of vernacular names and it is often convenient to use them; you should feel free to do so, provided you have correctly identified the microorganism the first time it is mentioned in your article. You may also add synonyms or vernacular names in parentheses when the name is first mentioned if you wish to do so.

Chemical and biochemical nomenclature

Follow the recommendations of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) for chemical nomenclature, and those of the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) and the IUPAC–IUBMB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature for biochemical nomenclature. Similarly, follow the IUBMB system for enzyme nomenclature.

Genetic nomenclature

Take care to distinguish between genes (e.g. gag) and the proteins that they encode (e.g. Gag). Insertion sequences should be named as given in the ISfinder Database.

Abbreviations of scientific names

Although names of genera and higher categories may stand alone to refer to the taxa with which they are associated, specific and subspecific epithets may not. A generic name followed by a specific epithet should be spelled out the first time it is used in the text; subsequently, it may be abbreviated to its capitalized initial letter if the context makes the meaning clear. In lists of names of species of the same genus, the genus name may be abbreviated after its first use for subsequent species in the list. If there are several generic names in the text with the same initial letter, the names should be spelled out at each occurrence.

Patent strains

If the strains under study are involved in a patent process, please make sure this is clearly indicated both in the article and in your submission cover letter. Strains other than the type strain should carry the superscript ‘PP’ if a patent is pending and ‘P’ if a patent has been issued.

Microbial Genomics and Access Microbiology 

Microbial Genomics and Access Microbiology have mandatory Open Data policies. The full guidance on what this means, and how authors can ensure compliance, can be found on the Open Data page of the Microbiology society.

Sequences

Articles reporting new sequence data must have deposited the data in one of the recommended repositories (GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ or PIR) and include an accession number. Data must be publicly available by acceptance. For more information on the minimum requirements and databases for various sequencing types, see the Data Requirements section on the Open Data page.

Strains

We encourage you to deposit important strains in a recognized culture collection and to refer to the collection and strain number in the article, in line with the requirements of the Bacteriological Code: “In the case of description of new species and subspecies the culture collection number of at least two publicly accessible service collections in different countries where a subculture of the type strain has been deposited must be given” – Rule 27(3).

If you are using a strain that has been obtained from someone else, you must provide us with confirmation that you had permission to make use of the strain in the research you are reporting in the article.

Clinical trials

We follow the ICMJE guidelines for clinical trial registration in line with the ICMJE and WHO declarations. For submission of a randomized controlled trial, please provide the registration number of the trial and the name of the trial registry in the last line of the paper’s structured abstract. Articles that report clinical trial data should contain a data-sharing statement, indicating the:

  • Whether you intend to share individual de-identified participant data.
  • The details of the data you intend to share.
  • Which study-related documents will be made available?
  • When and how the data will be accessible.

Clinical trials that begin enrolling participants on or after 1 January 2019 must include a data-sharing plan in the trial’s registration if they wish to publish results. Any changes to the plan after registration must be disclosed in the data-sharing statement when published.

AFTER ACCEPTANCE

Proofs

One set of page proofs (as world files) will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author (if we do not have an e-mail address then paper proofs will be sent by post) or, a link will be provided in the e-mail so that authors can download the files themselves. Please when you would like to make ant change that should be highlighted in different color for more information visit our support center. If you do not wish to make any modification to the final version (word version), you may list the corrections (including replies to the Query Form) and return them to the editorial office of World J Exp Biosci in an e-mail. Please list your corrections quoting line number. Please use this proof only for checking the typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accurately. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication: please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.

Author Inquiries

If you have any questions or comments about the journal or any issue, or if you have a problem submitting your manuscript, please feel free to contact the editorial office or contact the support center of our journal.